{"id":7875,"date":"2025-10-23T15:54:52","date_gmt":"2025-10-23T13:54:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/?p=7875"},"modified":"2026-02-27T11:03:48","modified_gmt":"2026-02-27T10:03:48","slug":"decrire-un-fruit-un-travail-de-longue-haleine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/2025\/10\/23\/decrire-un-fruit-un-travail-de-longue-haleine\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9crire un fruit, un travail de longue haleine !"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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La description d’une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 fruiti\u00e8re ob\u00e9it \u00e0 des r\u00e8gles pr\u00e9cises et tout un vocabulaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour caract\u00e9riser au mieux un fruit. L’ensemble de ces crit\u00e8res est d\u00e9crit notamment dans les livres de Ren\u00e9 Marlaud : \u00ab\u00a0M\u00e9thode de d\u00e9termination des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s fruiti\u00e8res de pommes et de poires\u00a0\u00bb (un tome pour chacun de ces fruits). L’observation de ces crit\u00e8res permet l’\u00e9tablissement d’un code, dit \u00ab\u00a0code Marlaud\u00a0\u00bb, avec lequel il va \u00eatre possible de comparer notre fruit avec un ensemble d’autres fruits de descriptions proches. C’est un travail long et fastidieux, qui demande une bibliographie cons\u00e9quente et, bien souvent, l’aide de notre pomologue en chef, Sabine Rauzier. 
Ici, vous trouverez une description de la poire dite \u00ab\u00a0Gloutette\u00a0\u00bb, qui est en attente de description compl\u00e9mentaire et qui vient de fructifier pour la 3e ann\u00e9e dans mon verger. <\/div>\n
Cette petite poire se r\u00e9v\u00e8le excellente en compote, en m\u00e9lange avec les pommes dont elle att\u00e9nue l’acidit\u00e9.\u00a0\u00bb<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Yannick Mourgues<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Description du fruit<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Date de la premi\u00e8re tentative de description par Y. Mourgues : 12\/10\/2025<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Nombre de fruits observ\u00e9s : 6<\/p>

Codes Marlaud : 14702-(3<\/span>)5<\/p>

Fruit<\/strong> : pyriforme. Contour r\u00e9gulier. Calibre tr\u00e8s petit puisque les fruits mesur\u00e9s ont pour dimensions (Hauteur x Diam\u00e8tre) : 58x49mm, 57x48mm, 50x49mm, 50x45mm, 55x49mm, 51x46mm. Leurs masses vont de 50g \u00e0 72g (58g, 66g, 72g, 62g, 67g et 50g).<\/p>

\u00c9piderme<\/strong> : lisse, de couleur vert clair jaunissant un peu \u00e0 maturit\u00e9. Pas de li\u00e8ge ni de russeting. Lenticelles vertfonc\u00e9.<\/p>

P\u00e9doncule<\/strong> : long \u00e0 tr\u00e8s long. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 mesur\u00e9 sur 5 des 6 fruits (p\u00e9doncule incomplet sur un fruit) un p\u00e9doncule ayant les dimensions suivantes (Longueur x diam\u00e8tre) : 36x3mm, 36×2-2,5mm, 35×2-3mm, 32×2-3mm, 36x3mm , p\u00e9doncule s\u2019\u00e9largissant \u00e0 (4-)5mm au point d\u2019attache). Il est droit et arqu\u00e9 sur 4 des 6 fruits observ\u00e9s, de couleur brun fonc\u00e9. La cuvette p\u00e9donculaire est inexistante, en pointe, le p\u00e9doncule le prolongeant. Pr\u00e9sence de gibbosit\u00e9 sur 1 fruit. Gibbosit\u00e9 \u00e0 peine form\u00e9e et peu visible sur 2 autres fruits.<\/p>

\u0152il<\/strong> : ouvert. La cuvette oculaire est superficielle, parfois moyenne. La couronne oculaire est lisse.<\/p>

Chair<\/strong> : blanch\u00e2tre vite cr\u00e8me, s\u2019oxydant de taches rouille en une dizaine de min., surtout autour du trognon, texture peu juteuse sans granulation, consistance tendre, saveur un peu sucr\u00e9e, agr\u00e9able, peau un peu \u00e9paisse.<\/p>

C\u0153ur<\/strong> : ovo\u00efde allong\u00e9, souvent plus proche de l\u2019\u0153il que du p\u00e9doncule.<\/p>

Maturit\u00e9<\/strong> : d\u00e9but octobre.<\/p>

Utilisation<\/strong> : poire \u00e0 couteau relativement bonne, et \u00e0 cuire (tr\u00e8s bonne en compote en m\u00e9lange avec des pommes dont elle att\u00e9nue l\u2019acidit\u00e9 et am\u00e9liore le go\u00fbt).<\/p>

Observations diverses :<\/strong> arbre greff\u00e9 sur Kirschensaller dans le verger de Y. Mourgues. Alt.\u2248802m \/ GPS : 3.1691E \/ 44.4775N.\u00a0<\/p>

Origine<\/strong> : greffon donn\u00e9 par C\u00e9cile Bridgens.<\/p>

D\u00e9termination<\/strong> : Le code Marlaud est le suivant : 14702-(3)5.<\/p>

La vari\u00e9t\u00e9 est appel\u00e9e \u00ab Gloutette \u00bb en attendant d\u2019en savoir plus.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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La description d’une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 fruiti\u00e8re ob\u00e9it \u00e0 des r\u00e8gles pr\u00e9cises et tout un vocabulaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour caract\u00e9riser au mieux un fruit. L’ensemble de ces crit\u00e8res est d\u00e9crit notamment dans les livres de Ren\u00e9 Marlaud : \u00ab\u00a0M\u00e9thode de d\u00e9termination des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s fruiti\u00e8res de pommes et de poires\u00a0\u00bb (un tome pour chacun de ces fruits). L’observation […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7879,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7875","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-botanique","category-determination","entry","has-media"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7875"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7875"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7875\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7922,"href":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7875\/revisions\/7922"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7879"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7875"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7875"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vergersdelozere.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7875"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}